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人民币对美元重返6.8，升值空间还有多大？******
中新网1月6日电 (中新财经 宫宏宇)2023年初始，人民币汇率就迎来了好消息。
据中国外汇交易中心数据，1月5日，人民币对美元汇率中间价报6.8926，较此前一交易日上调205个基点，再次重返6.8区间。
资料图：人民币。中新财经 邵婉云 摄人民币汇率为何能持续回升？
继去年年末人民币汇率反弹回升，并于12月夺回7.0关口后，人民币的上涨态势一直延续至2023年。对此，多方分析认为，近期人民币汇率上涨受多方面因素影响。
“人民币汇率上涨的原因之一是情绪面改善。”中国银行研究院高级研究员王有鑫接受中新财经采访时表示，随着疫情防控政策的逐渐优化，预计疫情对经济复苏的影响将减弱，经济社会生活将逐渐回归正轨，市场对于2023年经济增长信心更强。
王有鑫指出，汇率上涨得益于交易面的支撑。年底前后，出于流动性需要，企业结汇有所增加。境外机构对中国经济加快复苏的预期强化，纷纷看多人民币资产，跨境资本流入也在增加。
不仅如此，政策面的提振效应也在增强。
中国人民银行、国家外汇管理局12月30日发布公告称，自2023年1月3日起，银行间人民币外汇市场交易时间延长至北京时间次日3:00，人民币汇率中间价及浮动幅度、做市商报价等市场管理制度适用时间相应延长。
同日，中国外汇交易中心还调整了CFETS人民币汇率指数和SDR货币篮子人民币汇率指数货币篮子权重，美元、欧元、日元的权重均有所下降。
王有鑫表示，银行间人民币外汇市场交易时段的延长、货币篮子权重的调整以及美元权重的下调，进一步优化了汇率形成机制，拓展了外汇市场深度和广度，为全球投资者投资人民币资产以及进行风险对冲提供了更多便利。
“人民币汇率受发达经济体货币影响减弱，汇率形成的独立性和自主权提高，进一步强化了市场信心，使得汇率快速走高。”王有鑫称。
人民币汇率后续如何走？
开年就迎来开门红后，人民币汇率2023年的后续走势也备受关注。
中国民生银行首席经济学家温彬指出，整体看，2023年中国经济基本面持续修复和温和通胀，将有利于人民币汇率保持稳定。综合经济基本面与国际收支面考虑，预计2023年人民币汇率整体将呈现双向波动、温和回升、逐步趋近长期合理区间的走势。
“2023年中国经济将开启‘修复性复苏’模式，复苏的主要动能来自于抑制经济增长因素的消除。”温彬称。
他具体分析到，新冠疫情防控措施不断优化，将提振消费与投资信心，经济内生动力逐步恢复；房地产逐步由风险暴露期转向风险收敛期，融资改善与信心恢复将成为主要特征，行业逐步转向健康稳定发展的新阶段，地产对整体经济开始由负面冲击转为中性；通胀将保持温和，一方面内需复苏将促使核心通胀均值回归和中枢上移，另一方面输入型通胀压力减轻，则将有利于限制通胀涨幅。
在王有鑫看来，2023年预计人民币汇率将延续波动回升态势。随着各地疫情形势逐渐接近达峰并好转，人员流动、交通、餐饮、消费等领域活动将逐渐恢复，市场信心将进一步增强。而欧美等经济体经济增长压力将加快显现，货币政策放缓或转向的讨论将逐渐升温，美元大概率持续回落，对人民币的制约效应减弱。
“在全球经济普遍衰退背景下，中国经济和人民币资产将成为全球亮点，吸引跨境资本继续流入。”王有鑫称。(完)
中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾****** 中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。  资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。 麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。 一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。 此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。 作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。 美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。 这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。 从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。 两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。  House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy (ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy". The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader. Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party. On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration. On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses. Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees. As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives. But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker. CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful. This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally. Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits. From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public. Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world. The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle. 
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